Pengembangan Penerapan Sensor dan Aktuator pada Modul Pembelajaran Sistem Kendali Perpipaan Berbasis IoT

Abstract

Abstract: The Internet of things (IoT)-based pipeline control system is an innovation that can be utilized in mechatronics engineering education, particularly for understanding the principles of sensors, actuators, and real-time fluid control systems. This research aims to design and implement an IoT-based learning module for pipeline control capable of monitoring and controlling water flow through integrated sensors. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller, connected to a water flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic sensor. Sensor readings are transmitted to a server and visualized through an interactive website interface equipped with monitoring features, automatic and manual pump control, and historical data logging. The methodology includes literature studies, mechanical and electronic design, microcontroller programming, website development, and system testing. The mechanical design uses an aluminum profile frame to support all components, while the electronic design emphasizes neat wiring and ease of maintenance. Testing was conducted at three different valve openings (50%, 75%, and 100%) to analyze their effects on water level, volume, flow rate, temperature, and pressure parameters. The test results show that the system is able to operate accurately, stably, and responsively. The sensors provided readings consistent with actual conditions, with an average measurement error of 0.67% for the temperature sensor, 1.86% for the ultrasonic sensor, and 2.55% for the waterflow sensor. Data were displayed in real time on the website with an approximate delay of 2 seconds from the ESP32 transmission, and the manual pump control feature provided flexibility for users. With reliable detection capability and an interactive interface, this module is suitable to be used as a learning medium to enhance students’ understanding of control systems and IoT, and it has the potential to be further developed for industrial applications.   Keywords: ESP32, Internet of things, Water Flow Sensor, Pressure Sensor, DS18B20 Temperature Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, Pipeline Control System, Website Monitoring.