SKRINING SPONS POTENSIAL SEBAGAI BIODEGRADATOR HIDROKARBON BERDASARKAN DATA MORFOLOGI

Abstract

Sea morphological sponge searches that potentially degrade contaminated wastes Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons
(PAH) are important to aim to identify earlier physical features of marine sponge types that potentially reduce the
toxicity of PAH. Previous research has shown that a special type of marine sponge marker that may be symbiotic with
microorganisms capable of producing enzymes for degradation of PAH, whose body structure contains mucus or its
body is protected by a black layer such as mud embodied as mucus. Sponge identification method is done by noting the
special sign (color, texture, shape, size and depth of sampling). Then sequentially the sponge morphology identification
followed the guidebook. The results of the analysis of four types of sponges, found that the sponge Petrosia
(Strongylophora) corticata (Sp 1) in the body there is mucus and Niphates sp (Sp 2) along the surface found a black
layer of textured mucus. The structure indicates that the two potential sponges form a symbiont with certain types of
bacteria that can destabilize the PAH benzene ring, so that the PAH toxicity level decreases. Hyrtios erectus (Sp3) and
Clathria (Thalysias) reinwardti (Sp 4) sponges, both of which do not potentially contain bacterial symbionts that can
reduce the toxicity of PAH.