ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMASANGAN KOMPENSATOR JARINGAN TERHADAP GENERATOR SINKRON DAN SUMBER LISTRIK PLN

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the effect of network compensator installation in PLN’s synch generator and electricitysource. Voltage compensator in general occurred in medium and long network or in specific installation (STATCOM) innetwork which always had voltage drop. Installation of network compensator will result on network parameter changes,such as stability of system voltage, system power factor, frequency, electricity generator velocity rotation and exitationgenerator system. Reactive power is used to keep power factor and voltage stability. The problem with voltage stabilityin the operation of PLN’s synch generator and electricity source will be felt if the load is inductive. When installingnetwork compensator, reactive power supply is not only originated from synch generator but also from medium andlong network capacitor and (STATCOM). If the value of reactive power load and inductive is below reactive power insynch generator, then the needs for reactive power supplies is fulfilled, but if the capacitor is fix value, then the reactivepower supplied to load remains constant. The excess of capacitive reactive power in parallel work of reactive power willincrease the voltage in electricity generator system. But if in shortage of reactive power then it will decrease the voltagein generator system. So, certain equipment must be used to supply inductive reactive power to fulfill the needs of loadand network capacitor installation, if reactive power is fulfilled this automatically the voltage will be stable. One of thesolutions generally used to cope with the problem of excessive compensator installation is by using automatic controllerof generator exitation and automatic controller of generator rotation velocity. This automatic controller has an ability tocontrol the amount of exitation generator current and controller of generator rotation velocity so it could follow therhythm of load sudden changes or excessive compensator installation. The result collected before STATCOMinstallation shows that load L and C really affect reactive power (Q (VAR)), source frequency value below standardfrequency and velocity of generator rotation changed in the source side of synch generator, whilst in the source side ofPLN, frequency relatively stable with 50Hz. After the installation of STATCOM in distribution network shows that loadL and C really affect reactive power (Q (VAR)) valued negative (Capacitive), system voltage above standard voltage220 V, source frequency value below standard frequency and velocity of generator rotation changed in the source side ofsynch generator, whilst in the source side of PLN, frequency relatively stable with 50 Hz and reactive power Q valuedpositive.